UPSC Ki Taiyari

The " Basic Structure Doctrine " in the Indian Constitution refers to the principle that certain fundamental features of the Constitution cannot be altered or amended by the Parliament. This concept was established by the Supreme Court of India in the landmark case of Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala (1973). Here are the key points of the Basic Structure Doctrine: Supremacy of the Constitution : The Constitution is the supreme law of the land, and no law enacted by the Parliament can violate its essential features. Eternality of the Constitution : The basic structure of the Constitution is considered eternal and unalterable. This prevents the Parliament from making changes that could destroy the core principles of the Constitution. Limited Amending Power : While the Indian Parliament has the power to amend the Constitution, this power is not absolute. The Parliament cannot amend the Constitution in a way that destroys or alters its basic structure. Judicial Review: The

D2M stands for Direct-to-Mobile. It is a technology that allows video and other multimedia content to be sent directly to mobile phones without requiring an active internet connection. Here are the key points about D2M technology: 1. It is based on the convergence of broadband and broadcast. 2. It uses radio frequencies to transmit content to mobile phones. 3. It is similar to how FM radio works on mobile phones. 4. It does not require an active internet connection. 5. It can be used to broadcast live TV channels, movies, news, and other content. 6. It can be used to deliver educational and other necessary content, such as emergency alerts. 7. It has the potential to improve the consumption of broadband and utilisation of spectrum. The government of India is exploring the feasibility of using D2M technology to broadcast live TV channels on mobile phones without a data connection. This would be a major step forward in making digital content more accessible to people in India, especially

Q. Critically evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of Pradhan Mantri Mudra yojana. What changes it can bring about in rural India? Answer - The Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) is a significant government scheme in India aimed at providing financial assistance to micro and small enterprises through loans from various financial institutions. Let's evaluate its strengths and weaknesses: Strengths: Financial Inclusion: PMMY has helped to bring financial services to a large number of individuals and small businesses in rural areas who were previously excluded from the formal banking system. Employment Generation : By supporting micro and small businesses, the scheme has the potential to create job opportunities in rural areas, leading to economic growth and poverty reduction. Empowerment of Women and Marginalized Sections: PMMY promotes loans to women entrepreneurs and people from marginalized communities, empowering them to start and grow their businesses. Accessibility : The schem